Solar energy continues to revolutionize the renewable energy landscape, providing an efficient and sustainable way to meet global energy demands. Among the different solar panel installations, solar ground-mounted PV panels are gaining significant traction. These panels are not installed on rooftops but are mounted on the ground, offering flexibility, scalability, and increased energy output. In this blog, we will delve deep into everything you need to know about solar ground-mounted PV panels, their benefits, installation process, types, and why they are becoming the preferred choice for both commercial and residential solar projects.
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What Are Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panels?
Solar ground-mounted PV panels are photovoltaic panels installed on a ground-based mounting system. Unlike rooftop solar installations, these panels are placed directly on the ground, typically in areas with ample space. Ground-mounted systems can be adjusted to the optimal tilt and orientation, maximizing their exposure to sunlight, which improves overall energy production.
Ground-mounted systems are ideal for large-scale commercial projects or residential properties where rooftop installations are impractical or cannot meet the energy requirements. They can also be designed to follow the sun throughout the day, known as a solar tracking system, further increasing their efficiency.
Types of Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panels
There are two primary types of solar ground-mounted PV panels:
1. Standard Ground-Mounted Systems
Standard or traditional ground mounts use multiple small anchors to support a racking table for the solar panels. Many anchor types can be used, including concrete piers (most common), driven piers, helical piles, and concrete ballasts. The best anchoring method for you will depend on your ground conditions. Standard ground mount systems typically hold the solar array in a fixed position, although options for manual adjustment are gaining popularity. The standard ground-mount system is the easiest and most cost-effective solution for a ground install, and also the most popular.
2. Solar Tracking Ground-Mounted Systems
Solar trackers are ground-mounted solar systems that literally track the sun throughout the day. The panels are stationed on the racking system, which is positioned on the pole, and the pole rotates causing the panels to rotate with the sun. An actuator (self-contained gearbox) is what makes a solar tracker’s axle rotate. Trackers have GPS technology and an axle that rotates the panels towards the sun throughout the day; starting on the east side and rotating west as the day goes on. This means that solar panels on tracker systems capture maximum sunlight all day, delivering up to 40% more energy than a fixed-roof solar system.
Benefits of Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panels
There are numerous advantages to opting for solar ground-mounted PV panels over traditional rooftop systems:
1. Flexibility in Installation
Ground-mounted panels offer flexibility in terms of installation. They can be easily adjusted and tilted to optimize their performance, ensuring that they are always positioned at the perfect angle to capture sunlight.
2. Increased Energy Production
Ground-mounted solar panels can capture more sunlight compared to rooftop panels, resulting in higher energy production. This allows you to generate more clean and renewable energy for your home, reducing your reliance on the grid.
3. Scalability
Ground mounted panels can be easily expanded to accommodate a larger solar array as your energy needs increase. This scalability allows you to start with a smaller system and gradually add more panels, providing the flexibility to meet your changing energy requirements.
4. Easier Maintenance
Maintaining rooftop panels can be challenging, especially in high-rise buildings. Solar ground-mounted PV panels are easier to access for cleaning, repairs, and regular maintenance, ensuring they operate at peak efficiency.
5. Ideal for Large Projects
If you have ample land, ground-mounted systems offer the perfect solution for installing a large number of panels. Solar farms, for instance, rely heavily on ground-mounted systems to generate massive amounts of energy.
Installation Process of Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panels
The site selection for installing solar panels should be done very carefully as this will affect the capacity and also the generation from the solar system in the long run. The installation of solar ground-mounted PV panels involves a detailed process, which includes selecting the ideal location, designing the system, obtaining permits, and installing the panels. Below is an overview of the steps involved in a typical ground-mounted solar installation:
1. Site Assessment and Preparation
The first step is a thorough assessment of the site where the system will be installed. Engineers and solar experts evaluate factors such as soil condition, shading, terrain, and overall sunlight exposure. The area is then cleared of any obstacles like trees or buildings that could block sunlight. Site assessment is conducted to determine the optimal location and orientation for the solar array taking into account factors such as sun exposure, shade, and soil conditions.
2. Design and Layout
A detailed design and planning phase is undertaken to determine the specific components and layout of the solar array. This includes selecting the appropriate panels, inverters, and mounting hardware as well as obtaining any necessary permits and approvals.
3. Obtaining Permits
Before installation can begin, proper permits must be obtained from local authorities. This process can vary depending on location and the scale of the project. Typically, large projects require more stringent approvals.
4. Mounting System Installation
Once permits are secured, the foundation for the mounting system is laid. Depending on the soil condition, concrete footings or driven piles may be used. The mounting racks are then installed, designed to hold the solar panels at the correct angle.
5. Solar Panel Installation
After the mounting system is in place, the solar panels are installed. Wiring and inverters are connected to ensure the system is ready to convert sunlight into usable energy.
6. Grid Connection and Final Checks
Finally, the system is connected to the grid, and thorough checks are conducted to ensure everything is functioning correctly. The system is then monitored for performance.
Factors to Consider for Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panel Installation
1. Site Assessment
- Location: The geographic location significantly influences solar panel performance. Areas with high solar irradiance are ideal for installation.
- Shading: Evaluate the site for any potential shading from trees, buildings, or other structures throughout the day, as this can greatly reduce energy output.
- Soil Quality: Conduct soil tests to ensure the ground can support the racking systems. Poor soil conditions may require additional preparation or foundation work.
2. Land Availability
- Space Requirements: Determine the amount of land available for installation. Ground-mounted systems typically require more space than rooftop systems, so ensure adequate land is available.
- Land Use: Consider the current use of the land. If it’s agricultural or undeveloped land, assess any zoning regulations or land-use restrictions that may apply.
3. System Design and Configuration
- Panel Orientation and Tilt: Optimize the angle and direction of the panels to maximize sunlight exposure. Generally, south-facing panels at a tilt angle that matches the latitude of the location are recommended.
- Type of Racking System: Choose between fixed or tracking systems based on budget and desired energy output. Tracking systems can increase efficiency but also involve higher installation costs.
4. Regulatory Compliance
- Permits and Approvals: Research local regulations and obtain the necessary permits before installation. This may include zoning laws, building permits, and environmental assessments.
- Incentives and Rebates: Investigate available government incentives, rebates, or tax credits that can offset installation costs.
5. Cost Considerations
- Initial Investment: Assess the total cost of installation, including equipment, labor, and site preparation. A detailed budget will help manage financial expectations.
- Maintenance Costs: Consider ongoing maintenance and operational costs, including cleaning, repairs, and monitoring systems.
6. Connection to the Grid
- Interconnection Requirements: Understand the process and requirements for connecting the solar system to the grid. This may involve working with local utility companies and complying with their regulations.
- Net Metering: Check if net metering is available, which allows you to receive credits for excess energy generated by your solar system.
7. Environmental Impact
- Ecosystem Disruption: Assess the potential impact on local wildlife and ecosystems. Ensure that the installation minimizes disruption to the natural environment.
- Water Drainage: Plan for proper water drainage to avoid erosion and maintain the integrity of the ground-mounted system.
8. Performance Monitoring
- Monitoring Systems: Implement performance monitoring systems to track energy production and system efficiency. Regular monitoring can help identify issues early and ensure optimal performance.
- Warranty and Support: Choose reliable equipment with good warranties and consider ongoing support from your installation provider.
9. Community Engagement
- Educational Outreach: Consider providing educational resources about the benefits of solar energy to promote understanding and support within the community.
- Stakeholder Communication: If the installation impacts a community, engage with local stakeholders and residents to address any concerns and share the benefits of solar energy.
Comparing Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panels vs. Rooftop Solar Panels
While both solar ground-mounted PV panels and rooftop systems offer renewable energy solutions, there are significant differences between the two. Here’s a quick comparison:
| Features | Ground-Mounted PV Panels | Rooftop Solar Panels |
| Installation Location | On the ground, flexible placement | Installed on building rooftops |
| Scalability | High scalable, suitable for large firms | Limited by roof space |
| Efficiency | Optimally placed for maximum sunlight | Depend on roof orientation and tilt |
| Cost | Higher initial cost due to mounting system | More cost-effective for smaller project |
| Maintenance | Easier to access cleaning and repairs | Harder to maintain, specially on high rise building |
Conclusion: The Future of Solar Ground-Mounted PV Panels
As the demand for renewable energy continues to grow, solar ground-mounted PV panels will play a crucial role in meeting global energy needs. Their flexibility, scalability, and potential for higher efficiency make them a preferred option for both commercial and residential projects. While they may involve higher upfront costs, the long-term benefits and energy savings are substantial.
Whether you’re a business looking to establish a large-scale solar farm or a homeowner with space for a ground-mounted system, investing in solar ground-mounted PV panels offers a reliable and sustainable way to harness the power of the sun.
By choosing solar ground-mounted PV panels, you contribute to the global push toward cleaner energy while reducing your carbon footprint and energy costs for years to come.
Interested in exploring solar options for your property? Schedule a free consultation with our solar experts at Soleos Solar to discuss your needs and get a customized quote!